What Is Primary Angiosarcoma of the Breast?

Primary angiosarcoma of the breast is an exceptionally rare and aggressive cancer that originates in the endothelial cells lining the blood vessels within the breast tissue. Unlike more common breast cancers that develop in the ducts or lobules, angiosarcoma arises from the vascular system, making it distinct in both behavior and treatment approach.

Primary vs. Secondary Angiosarcoma: Understanding the Difference

• Primary Angiosarcoma: This form develops spontaneously in the breast without any prior history of cancer or radiation therapy. It typically affects younger women, often between the ages of 20 and 40.

• Secondary Angiosarcoma: Also known as radiation-induced angiosarcoma (RIAS), this type occurs as a rare complication following radiation therapy for previous breast cancer. It generally manifests several years after treatment, predominantly in older women.
  

Incidence and Statistics

Primary angiosarcoma of the breast is exceedingly uncommon, accounting for less than 0.05% of all breast malignancies. This translates to approximately 17 new cases per million women annually.

Due to its rarity, comprehensive data is limited, but studies indicate that early detection and treatment are crucial for improving outcomes.

Symptoms to Watch For

Recognizing the signs of primary angiosarcoma can be challenging, as symptoms often resemble benign conditions. Common indicators include:

• A rapidly growing, painless lump in the breast

• Skin discoloration or a bruised appearance on the breast

• Swelling or a feeling of fullness in the breast

• Skin thickening or a rash that doesn't resolve

If you notice any of these symptoms, it's essential to consult a healthcare professional promptly.

Diagnosis and Treatment Options

Diagnosing primary angiosarcoma begins with imaging—like mammograms, ultrasounds, or MRIs—followed by a biopsy to confirm the presence of cancerous cells. Because angiosarcoma is fast-moving and unpredictable, treatment plans are highly individualized and often evolve over time

Typical Treatment Path

For many patients, including myself, chemotherapy is the first line of defense. Starting with chemo helps shrink the tumor, improve the chances of achieving clean surgical margins, and target any microscopic cancer cells that might have already traveled through the bloodstream.

Once chemo is completed, the treatment plan may include:

• Surgery: Usually a mastectomy, to remove the tumor and surrounding tissue. Surgical margins are critical in angiosarcoma to prevent recurrence.

• Radiation Therapy: Often used post-surgery to kill any remaining cancer cells and reduce the risk of local recurrence.

Every case is different. Some patients may follow a different sequence or receive additional treatments based on tumor behavior, size, and genetic markers. That’s why being under the care of a multidisciplinary team—like the one at MD Anderson—is so important.

Why Choose MD Anderson Cancer Center?

The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston is renowned for its expertise in treating rare and aggressive cancers like primary angiosarcoma of the breast. Ranked No. 1 in the nation for cancer care by U.S. News & World Report's 2024-25 "Best Hospitals" survey, MD Anderson offers:

• A dedicated sarcoma center with specialists experienced in managing complex cases

• Access to cutting-edge research and clinical trials

• A comprehensive, patient-centered approach to care

Their commitment to excellence ensures patients receive the most advanced and effective treatments available.

Additional Resources

For more in-depth information and support, consider exploring the following resources:

• Johns Hopkins Medicine: Angiosarcoma of the Breast

• Mayo Clinic: Angiosarcoma - Diagnosis & Treatment

• Cleveland Clinic: Angiosarcoma Overview

• National Cancer Institute: Angiosarcoma Information

• Pathology Outlines: Breast Angiosarcoma